Chinese scientists have developed semi-solid-state batteries capable of operating at -34 °C

New lithium batteries withstand severe cold

Thematic publications have already mentioned that replacing lithium ions with sodium is one way to increase battery freeze resistance. However Chinese scientists found an even more effective method: they developed a lithium system with a semi-solid electrolyte that continues to operate at –30 °C.

Key results
- Experimental endurance test

At the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (according to CarNewsChina and Global Times), a battery with a semi‑solid electrolyte, kept at –34 °C for eight hours, retained 84 % of its initial charge.

- Comparison with conventional batteries

Traditional lithium batteries used in mass EVs lose between 50 % and 80 % of their charge at –20 °C and often shut down completely already at –34 °C. The new type shows significantly better resilience.

Why it matters
1. Flight over cold territory

The original goal is to power drones and robots operating in harsh winter conditions. Such batteries would allow unmanned vehicles to be used without additional heating.

2. “Freeze‑tolerant” electric cars

With this freeze resistance, battery thermal insulation would not be needed, reducing vehicle weight and cost.

3. Large‑aircraft aviation

At high altitudes even in summer the air temperature drops below –30 °C; semi‑solid batteries can operate under such conditions without loss of efficiency.

Technological features
- Freeze‑resistant electrolyte – specially selected for low‑temperature operation.

- Functional separator – separates liquid and solid components, preventing short circuits.

- Intelligent power management – ensures optimal battery performance in any conditions.

Implementation prospects
These batteries can be combined with existing charging infrastructure, greatly simplifying their mass deployment. They are also suitable for stationary energy storage systems in cold climates where conventional batteries often fail.

Thus the Chinese development opens new opportunities for transport and energy technologies that operate under extreme cold.